Calculation of the density of motor aviation MS-20 brand oils at various temperature and pressure
Authors: Altunin V.A., Lvov M.V., Shchigolev A.A., Yusupov A.A., Yanovskaya M.L.
Published in issue: #2(134)/2023
DOI: 10.18698/2308-6033-2023-2-2252
Category: Aviation and Rocket-Space Engineering | Chapter: Thermal, Electric Jet Engines, and Power Plants of Aircrafts
The article shows that various problems appear in the aircraft lubrication systems. These problems are associated with the quality of aviation motor oils, difficult thermodynamic conditions in their operation, negative sedimentation process, design features and deficiencies of piston aviation internal combustion engines, air-breathing engines, various aviation and ground power plants, as well in their filtering and cooling systems. Design and creation of new equipment foresees using aviation motor oils of various brands and properties; therefor, scientists, designers, engineers and constructors always need to know not only the selected oil general properties, but also its thermophysical properties, including density, thermal conductivity, viscosity and thermal capacity. The paper considers the issue of the MS-20 aviation engine oil density at various temperatures and pressures. A number of authors (and information sources) provide comparative data on this oil; its density values at different temperatures and normal pressure are having differences. Methods for obtaining density values of the aviation motor oils, including the MS-20 brand oils, are presented in experimental studies; in using nomograms, graphs and tables; in calculations using various techniques. The method for calculating the MS-20 oil density with an increase in temperature and pressure set out in the State Standards is demonstrated. A new abbreviated and effective method for calculating the aviation motor oils density with alterations in temperature and pressure, including the MS-20 brand oil, was developed and is presented. Recommendations are provided on the correct account of temperature and pressure when using density of the MS-20 and other types of the aviation engine oil to create new domestic ground, air, hypersonic and aerospace equipment for single-use and reusable for various purposes with improved performance in terms of resource, reliability and efficiency.
References
[1] Vargaftik N.B. Spravochnik po teplofizicheskim svoystvam gazov i zhidkostey [Reference book on thermophysical properties of gases and liquids]. 3rd ed., stereotyp., rev. Moscow, Stars Publ., JSC, 2006, 720 p.
[2] Cherednichenko G.I., Froyshteter G.B., Stupak P.M. Fiziko-khimicheskie i teplofizicheskie svoystva smazochnykh materialov [Physico–chemical and thermophysical properties of lubricants]. Leningrad, Khimiya Publ., 1986, 224 p.
[3] GOST 21743–2021. Masla Aviatsionnye. Tekhnicheskie usloviya [Aviation oils. Technical specifications]. Moscow, Rossiyskiy Institut Standartizatsii Publ., 2022, 8 p.
[4] Rekomendatsii po metrologii: R.50.2.076–2010 [Recommendations on metrology: R.50.2.076–2010]. Gosudarstvennaya sistema obespecheniya edinstva izmereniy “Plotnost nefti i nefteproduktov. Metody rascheta. Programmy i tablitsy privedeniya [State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements “Density of oil and oil products. Calculation methods. Actuation program and tables”]. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2011, 141 p.
[5] Papok K.K. Smazochnye masla [Lubricating oils]. Moscow, Ministry of Defence of the USSR Military Publ., 1953, 168 p.
[6] Tryanov A.E. Konstruktsiya maslyanykh sistem aviatsionnykh dvigateley [Design of the oil systems of aviation engines]. Korolev Samara State Aerospace University Publ., 2007, 81 p.
[7] Ryabov V.G., Kudinov A.V., Fedotov K.V. Sbornik nomogramm dlya privedeniya tekhnologicheskikh raschetov protsessov neftepererabotki. Chast 1. Fiziko-khimicheskie svoystva nefti i nefteproduktov [Collection of nomograms for technological calculations of the oil refining processes. Part 1. Physicochemical properties of oil and oil products]. Perm, Perm State Technical University Publ., 2002, 98 p.
[8] Inozemtsev A.A., Nikhamkin M.A., Sandratsky V.L. Osnovy konstruirovaniya aviatsionnykh dvigateley i energeticheskikh ustanovok [Fundamentals of construction of aviation engines and energy plants]. Vol. 4. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 2008, 190 p.
[9] Chigrin V.S., Belova S.E. Sistemy smazki GTD [GTE lubrication systems]. Rybinsk, Solovyev RSATA Publ., 2005, 20 p.
[10] Babkin V.I., Aleksashin A.A., Yanovsky L.S., Dunaev S.V., Khurumova A.F. Otechestvennye smazochnye masla dlya aviatsionnykh gazoturbinnykh dvigateley; problemy i perspektivy [Domestic lubricants for aviation gas turbine engines: problems and prospects]. Dvigatel — Engine, 2012, no. 5 (83), pp. 8–11.
[11] Yanovsky L.S., Dubovkin N.F., Galimov F.M., et al. Goryuche-smazochmye materialy dlia aviatsionnykh dvigateley [Fuel–lubricant materials for aircraft engines]. Kazan, Tupolev Kazan State Technical University Publ., 2002, 400 p.
[12] Yanovsky L.S., Galimov F.M., Alyaev V.A. Otechestvennye i zarubezhnye goryuche-smazochnye materialy [Domestic and foreign fuel-lubricant materials]. Kazan, Kazan University Publ., 2004, 92 p.
[13] Yanovsky L.S., Dubovkin N.F., Galimov F.M., et al. Inzhenernye osnovy aviatsionnoy khimmotologii [Engineering foundations of aviation chemotology]. Kazan, Kazan University Publ., 2005, 714 p.
[14] Yanovsky L.S., Kharin A.A. Khimmotologicheskoye obespechenie nadezhnosti aviatsionnykh gazoturbinnykh dvigateley: monografiya [Chemmotological support of reliability of the aviation gas turbine engines: monograph]. Moscow, INFRA-M Publ., 2015, 264 p.
[15] Balyakin V.B. Problemy I perspektivy ispolzovaniya gazo- i gidrodinamicheskoy smazki v uplotneniyakh opor rotorov aviatsionnykh dvigateley [Problems and prospects for using gas – and hydrodynamic lubrication in the seals of the supports of the aviation engine rotors]. Izv. vuz. Aviatsionnaya Tekhnika, 2017, no. 2, pp. 129–132.
[16] Grigoryev M.A., Bunakov B.M., Doletsky V.A. Kachestvo motornogo masla i nadezhnost dvigateley [Quality of motor oil and reliability of engines]. Moscow, Standards Publ., 1981, 232 p.
[17] Boev A.A., Petrukhin A.G., Shklovets A.O. O perspektivnom podvode masla k podshipnikovomu uzlu GTD [About promising method supply oil to bearing of gas turbine engine]. Izvestia Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk — Izvestia of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2013, vol. 15, no. 6 (4), pp. 1022–1026.
[18] Favorsky O.N., Kurziner R.I. Razvitie vozdushno-reaktivnykh dvigateley dlya aviatsii vysokikh skorostey poleta – sintez dostizheniya razlichnykh otrasley nauki i tekhniki [Development of air-jet engines for aviation of high flight speeds: synthesis of the achievements in various branches of science and technology]. Aviatsionnye dvigateli. TsIAM im. P.I. Baranova — Aviation engines. Baranov CIAM, 2022, no. 3 (16), pp. 7–14.
[19] Churkin V.A. Smazochnye materialy [Lubricant materials]. Yekaterinburg, UrGU Publ., 2015, 14 p.
[20] Altunin V.A., Altunin K.V., Lvov M.V., Shchigolev A.A., Aliyev I.N., Yanovskaya M.L. Problemy sistem smazki aviatsionnykh dvigateley [Problems of lubrication systems of the aviation engines]. Teplovye protsessy v tekhnike — Thermal Processes in Engineering, 2021, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 357–384.
[21] Altunin V.A., Lvov M.V., Ginyatullin I.A., Kaskov A.S., Platonov E.N., Shchigolev A.A., Yanovskaya M.L. Razrabotka toplivno-maslyanykh teploobmennykh apparatov dlya dvigateley vozdushnykh i aerokosmicheskikh letatelnykh apparatov [Development of fuel–oil heat exchangers for engines of aerial and aerospace vehicles]. In: Trudy 55-kh chteniy, posvyaschennykh razrabotke nauchnogo naslediya i razvitiyu idey K.E. Tsiolkovskogo. (Kaluga, 15–16 sentyabrya 2020 g.) RAN. RAKTs [Proceedings of the 55th Readings devoted to the development of scientific heritage and ideas of K.E. Tsiolkovsky. (Kaluga, September 15–16, 2020). RAS. RACTs]. Kazan, Kazan University Publ., 2021, pp. 86–94.
[22] Altunin V.A., Lvov M.V., Kaskov A.S., Shchigolev A.A., Yanovskaya M.L. Problemy osadkoobrazovaniya v sistemakh smazki dvigateley letatelnykh apparatov [Recording problems in aircraft engines lubricating systems]. In: Materialy dokl. 56-kh Nauchnykh chteniy, posvyaschennykh razrabotke nauchnogo naslediya i razvitiyu idey K.E. Tsiolkovskogo: “Tsiolkovskiy i progress nauki i tekhniki v 21 veke”. RAN. RAKTs [Materials of the LVIth Scientific Readings devoted to the development of K.E. Tsiolkovsky’s scientific heritage and ideas “K.E. Tsiolkovsky and the progress of science and technology in the XXI century”. RAS. RACTs]. Kaluga, Eidos Publ., 2021, part 1, pp. 220–224.
[23] Altunin V.A., Lvov M.V., Kaskov A.S., Shchigolev A.A., Yanovskaya M.L. Problemy osadkoobrazovaniya v sistemakh smazki dvigateley letatelnykh apparatov [Recording problems in aircraft engines lubricating systems]. In: Sovremennye problemy raketnoy i kosmicheskoy tekhniki: sb. nauchnykh statey (polnykh dokladov) 56-kh nauchnykh chteniy pamyati K.E. Tsiolkovskogo. (Kaluga, 21–22 sentyabrya 2021 g.). RAN. RAKTs [Modern problems of missile and space technology: collection of scientific articles (full reports) of the 56th scientific readings devoted to the memory of K.E. Tsiolkovsky (Kaluga, September 21–22, 2021). RAS. RACTs]. Kazan, Editorial and Publishing Center “Shkola” Publ., 2022, pp. 99–113.
[24] Altunin V.A., Lvov M.V., Shchigolev A.A., Yanovskaya M.L. Razrabotka i sozdanie eksperimentalnoy ustanovki dlya issledovaniya osobennostey teplovykh protsessov v usloviyakh vynuzhdennoy konvektsii motornykh aviatsionnykh masel [Development and creation of experimental installation for the study of the thermal processes features in conditions of forced convection of the motor aviation oils]. In: Tez. dokl. 20-y Mezhdunar. konf. “Aviatsiya i kosmonavtika” (Moskva, MAI 22–26 noyabrya 2021 g.) [Thesis of reports of the 20th Int. Conf. “Aviation and Cosmonautics”. (Moscow, MAI, November 22–26, 2021)]. Moscow, Pero Publ., 2021, pp. 124–125.