This paper sets out a vision of historical development of the energy sector and the resources used by mankind in this process. It studies the implications of the existing structure and volumes of energy consumption to the energy reserves and to the global environmental situation. Existing restrictions of the fuel and energy resources (FER) are analyzed. The causes and possible consequences of the use of the economically available fossil fuels are presented, as well as the reasons stimulating global society to the rational use of energy resources are discussed. Expert opinions are given concerning the problem of recycling energy resources in all spheres of activity. A few brief conclusions are given summing up the paper.