Aerodynamic characteristics of perforated aircraft flight controls at subsonic flow velocities
Published: 15.08.2022
Authors: Kalugin V.T., Lutsenko A.Yu., Kalugina M.D., Nazarova D.K., Slobodyanyuk D.M.
Published in issue: #8(128)/2022
DOI: 10.18698/2308-6033-2022-8-2205
Category: Aviation and Rocket-Space Engineering | Chapter: Aerodynamics and Heat Transfer Processes in Aircrafts
The vortex separation from the aircraft control surfaces often leads to undesirable shaking and pitch of the structure. One way to eliminate this effect is to perforate surfaces. The paper considers the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft flight control element in the form of a single elongation perforated flat plate. Experimental studies were carried out in a subsonic wind tunnel of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The aerodynamic coefficients of plates with different degrees of perforation 0...28.3% were obtained at free stream velocities of 15.. 35 m/s in a wide range of angles of attack from 0 to 90 degrees. The graphs of the aerodynamic coefficients of the plates versus the angle of attack were analyzed. Findings of the research show that the aerodynamic characteristics of perforated plates differ from the corresponding characteristics of solid plates, an increase in the degree of perforation leads to a decrease in the values of aerodynamic coefficients, while a decrease in the free flow velocity causes their increase.
References
[1] Kalugin V.T. Aerogazodinamika organov upravleniya poletom letatelnykh apparatov [Aerogas dynamics of aircraft flight controls]. Moscow, BMSTU Publ., 2004, 688 p.
[2] Epikhin A.S., Kalugin V.T. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie — Mathematical Models and Computer Simulations, 2017, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 35–44.
[3] Mahgoub A.O., Ghani S. Numerical and experimental investigation of utilizing the porous media model for windbreaks CFD simulation. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021, vol. 65, art. no. 102648. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210670720308647 (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2020.102648
[4] Dong Z., Luo W., Qian G., Wang H. A wind tunnel simulation of the mean velocity fields behind upright porous fences. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2007, vol. 146, pp. 82–93. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.05.009
[5] Tanner P., Gorman J., Sparrow E. Flow-pressure drop characteristics of perforated plates. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2019, vol. 29 (11), pp. 4310–4333. Available at: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/HFF-01-2019-0065/full/html (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1108/HFF-01-2019-0065
[6] Liu H.-f., Tian H., Chen H., Jin T., Tang K. Numerical study on performance of perforated plate applied to cryogenic fluid flowmeter. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2016, vol. 17, pp. 230–239. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1631/jzus.A1500082 (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1631/jzus.A1500082
[7] Steiros K., Bempedelis N., Ding L. Recirculation regions in wakes with base bleed. Phys. Rev. Fluids, 2021, vol. 6, 034608. Available at: https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.034608 (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.034608
[8] Ozahi E. An analysis on the pressure loss through perforated plates at moderate Reynolds numbers in turbulent flow regime. Flow Measurement and Instrumen-tation, 2015, vol. 43, pp. 6–13. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955598615000266 (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.03.002
[9] Pruthviraj U., Yaragal S., Nagaraj M.K. Numerical prediction of air flow through perforated plates on flat surface. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2013, vol. 2 (7), pp. 2863–2869. Available at: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/NUMERICAL-PREDICTION-OF-AIR-FLOW-THROUGH-PERFORATED-Pruthviraj-Yaragal/17f775eb7fc2d67bf79b475db76c720d3bb5ab69 (accessed June 1, 2022).
[10] Bayazit Y., Sparrow E., Gorman J. Flow impingement on a perforated plate at an angle of attack. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2017, vol. 27 (1). DOI: 10.1108/HFF-10-2015-0420
[11] Guo B.Y., Hou Q.F., Yu A.B., Li L.F., Guo J. Numerical modeling of the gas flow through perforated plates. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2013, vol. 91 (3), pp. 403–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2012.10.004
[12] Bossi F.C., Barannyk O., Rahimpour M., Malavasi S., Oshkai P. Effect of transverse perforations on fluid loading on a long, slender plate at zero incidence. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 2017, vol. 65 (4), pp. 1–7. DOI: 10.1515/johh-2017-0025
[13] Lee T. Aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil with perforated gurney-type flaps. Journal of Aircraft, 2009, vol. 46 (2), pp. 542–548. DOI: 10.2514/1.38474
[14] Iqbal M., Shah S., Hassan A. CFD Analysis of NACA-0012 Airfoil with Various Porous Gurney Flap Geometries. 2019 International Conference on Applied and Engineering Mathematics. HITEC University Taxila, Pakistan, 2019, pp. 231–236. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8853695&tag=1 (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1109/ICAEM.2019.8853695
[15] Lee T., Ko L.S. PIV investigation of flow field behind perforated Gurney-type flaps. Exp Fluids, 2009, vol. 46 (6), pp. 1005–1019. DOI: 10.1007/s00348-008-0606-1
[16] Purser P.E., Turner T.R. Wind-tunnel investigation of perforated split flaps for use as dive brakes on a rectangular NACA 23012 airfoil. NACA report. Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, Langley Field, Va., 1941, L-445, 48 p.
[17] Kalugin V.T., Kindyakov E.B., Chernukha P.A. Nauchny Vestnik MGTU GA — Civil Aviation High Technologies, 2010, no. 151, pp. 23–27.
[18] Chernukha P.A., Raffel M., Kalugin V.T. Experimental and numerical modeling of flow around perforated stabilizing devices. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics, 2013, vol. 121, pp. 169–176. Available at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-35680-3_21 (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35680-3_21
[19] Lutsenko A.Y., Nazarova D.K., Slobodyanyuk D.M. Research the opportunities of passive aerodynamic stabilization of the launch vehicle fairing shells. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019, vol. 2171(1), art. ID 130012. https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.5133279
[20] Kalugin V.T., Epikhin A.S., Chernukha P.A., Kalugina M.D. The effect of perforation on aerodynamic characteristics and the vortex flow field around a flat plate. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. sci. Eng., 2021, vol. 1191, art. ID 12007. Available at: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1191/1/012007/meta (accessed June 1, 2022). DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/1191/ 1/012007
[21] Kalugin V.T., Golubev A.G. Eksperimentalnoe issledovanie vliyaniya perforatsii tormoznykh schitkov na aerodinamicheskie kharakteristiki tsilindricheskikh tel pri malykh dozvukovykh skorostyakh poleta [Experimental study of the effect of perforation of brake flaps on the aerodynamic characteristics of cylindrical bodies at low subsonic flight speeds]. Trudy ХLII Akademicheskikh chteniy po kosmonavtike. Moskva, 23–26 yanvarya 2018 g, MGTU im. N.E. Baumana [Proceedings of the ХLII Academic Readings on Cosmonautics. Moscow, January 23–26, 2018, BMSTU]. Moscow, BMSTU Publ., 2018, p. 256.
[22] Belchikhina A.A., Dolzhenko N.N., Dubov Yu.B. Trudy TsAGI (Proceedings of TsAGI), no. 233. Moscow, 1987, pp. 3–8.