ISSN 1812-3368. ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆȽɌɍ ɢɦ. ɇ.ɗ. Ȼɚɭɦɚɧɚ. ɋɟɪ. «ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ». 2012
197
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɫɤɨɦɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɚɥɝɟɛɪɚɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ,
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɪɰɟ,
2
1
,
, ,1,
1,
2,
, ,2,
1
2,
N
m
i k
i j m i
j m k
i j m
k
m m
T
A
j m k
[
D
D
G
­
½
°
°
ª
º
®
¾
¬
¼
°
°
¯
¿
¦ ¦
2
1
,
, ,1,
1,
2
,
m
i j
i j m i
j m
m m
B
E
D
§
·
¨
¸
¨
¸
©
¹
¦
1,
.
j
N
[
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ.
ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɥɨ-
ɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɧɟɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨ-
ɝɪɟɜɚ ɡɚɬɭɩɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 1. ɉɨɜɟɪɯ-
ɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɭ (ɟɟ ɪɚɞɢɭɫ ɪɚ-
ɜɟɧ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɭ ɬɟɥɚ), ɝɥɚɞɤɨ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɫ
ɤɨɧɭɫɨɦ, ɭɝɨɥ ɩɨɥɭɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 10
q
.
ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ:
S
= 0,1 ɦ;
z
cyl
= 3;
z
flat
= 5;
Ȝ
z
= 50 ȼɬ/(ɦ
˜
K);
Ȝ
r
=
= 50 ȼɬ/(ɦ·K);
ɫ
= 2 000 Ⱦɠ/(ɤɝ·K);
ȡ
= 1 500 ɤɝ/ɦ
3
;
Q
w
(0)
= 10
7
ȼɬ/ɦ
2
;
Q
w
(
ș
)
=
Q
w
(0)
˜
sin
ș
,
ȼɬ/ɦ
2
;
Q
cyl
=
Q
flat
= 0;
T
beg
= 300 K;
lj
end
= 50 c;
N
Ș
= 99;
N
ȗ
= 99;
n
x
= í5;
n
y
= 0;
h
lj
= 0,01 c.
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ
z
w
,
lj
,
ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɯ ɨɬ ɤɨɨɪɞɢ-
ɧɚɬɵ
r
.
ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 2—4 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ
z
w
,
lj
= 2 · 10
–3
ɦ/ɫ.
ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 5 ɢ 6 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 3
ɢ 4, ɧɨ ɩɪɢ
z
w
,
lj
= 0.
Ɋɢɫ. 2. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɬɟɥɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɝɚɪɚ
:
1
—
lj
= 0;
2
— 10;
3
— 30;
4
—
W
= 50 ɫ